Thyroid surgery

Thyroid surgery, or thyroidectomy, is the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. It's a common treatment for thyroid cancer, large nodules, or hyperthyroidism.Depending on the extent of removal, it can be a total thyroidectomy (entire gland) or a partial thyroidectomy (lobectomy). Surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia, with an incision in the neck, and may involve removing nearby lymph nodes if cancer is suspected to have spread.


What is a Thyroidectomy?

A thyroidectomy is a surgery to remove all (total thyroidectomy) or part (partial thyroidectomy) of your thyroid gland — a butterfly-shaped organ in your neck.

Thyroidectomy is a surgical treatment for thyroid cancer and certain thyroid conditions, including:

  • Thyroid nodules: A thyroid nodule is a growth of cells in your thyroid gland. Thyroid nodules are usually noncancerous, but they can be cancerous. Sometimes, thyroid nodules can produce excess thyroid hormone.
  • Goiter: A goiter is an enlarged thyroid gland with or without thyroid nodules. If it grows large enough, it can put pressure on your trachea or esophagus and make it difficult to breathe and/or swallow.
  • Hyperthyroidism: This is a condition where your thyroid creates and releases more thyroid hormone than you need. It has several causes, and surgery is one of the treatment options for it.


Types of thyroidectomies

There are two main types of thyroidectomies: total and partial.

  • A total thyroidectomy is the removal of all or most of your thyroid.
  • A partial thyroidectomy — also called a hemithyroidectomy or lobectomy — is the removal of the right or left lobe of your thyroid.